Air Conditioners Prices in Pakistan

 Haier, Dawlance, L.g, Orient, <itsubishi, Pel, Sumsung, Gree, Singer

Haier AC	Dawlance AC	LG AC	Orient AC	Mitsubishi AC	PEL AC
Samsung AC	Gree AC	Singer AC

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Farezar conter

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Havey duty water coler

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Refrigeration System

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Basic Refrigeration Cycle

Basic Refrigeration Cycle

Principles of Refrigeration

• Liquids absorb heat when changed from liquid to gas

• Gases give off heat when changed from gas to liquid.

For an air conditioning system to operate with economy, the refrigerant must be used repeatedly. For this reason, all air conditioners use the same cycle of compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation in a closed circuit. The same refrigerant is used to move the heat from one area, to cool this area, and to expel this heat in another area.

• The refrigerant comes into the compressor as a low-pressure gas, it is compressed and then moves out of the compressor as a high-pressure gas.

• The gas then flows to the condenser. Here the gas condenses to a liquid, and gives off its heat to the outside air.

• The liquid then moves to the expansion valve under high pressure. This valve restricts the flow of the fluid, and lowers its pressure as it leaves the expansion valve.

• The low-pressure liquid then moves to the evaporator, where heat from the inside air is absorbed and changes it from a liquid to a gas.

• As a hot low-pressure gas, the refrigerant moves to the compressor where the entire cycle is repeated.

Note that the four-part cycle is divided at the center into a high side and a low side This refers to the pressures of the refrigerant in each side of the system

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Refrigerant

Physical properties of some common refrigerants are indicated  in the table below:

Refrigerant No.	Name	Molecular Mass	Boiling point at atmospheric pressure14.7 psia, 1 bar abs (oF)	Freezing Point at atmospheric pressure 14.7 psia, 1 bar abs (oF)	Critical Point
					Temperature (oF)	Pressure (psia)	Specific Volume (Cu.Ft./lb.)
R-10	Carbontetrachloride	153.8	170.2
R-11	Trichlorofluoromethane1)	137.37	74.9	-168	388	640	0.0289
R-12	Dichlorodifluoromethane2)	120.91	-21.8	-252	234	597	0.0287
R-13	Monochlorotrifluoromethane	104.46	-114.6	-294	84	561	0.0277
R-13B1	Bromotrifluoromethane	148.91	-72	-270	153	575	0.0215
R-14	Tetrafluoromethane (Carbon tetrafluoride)	88.00	-198.2	-299	-50	543	0.0256
R-14	Chloroform	119.4	142
R-21	Dichloro-fluoromethane	102.92	48.1	-211
R-22	Monochlorodifluoromethane3)	86.468	-41.3	-256	205	722	0.0305
R-23	Trifluormethane	70	-119.9
R-30	Methylene Chloride	84.9	105.2
R-31	Monochloromonofluoromethane	68.5	48.0
R-32	Methylene Fluoride	52.0	-61.4
R-40	Chloromethane (Methyl Chloride)	50.488	-10.7	-144	290	969	0.0454
R-41	Methyl Fluoride	34.0	-109
R-50	Methane	16.044	-259	-296.6
R-110	Hexachloroethane	236.8	365
R-111	Pentachloromonofluoroethane	220.3	279
R-112	Tetrachlorodifluoroethane	203.8	199.0
R-113	Trichlorotrifluoroethane4)	187.39	118	-31	417	499	0.0278
R-114	1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane	170.92	38.4	-137	294	473	0.0275
R-115	Chloropentafluoroethane	154.47	-38.0	-149	176	458	0.0261
R-116	Hexafluoroethane	138.0	-108.8
R-120	Pentachloroethane	202.3	324
R-123	Dichlorotrifluoroethane5)	152.93	82	-161	363	533
R-124	Monochlorotetrafluoroethane	136.5	10.4
R-125	Pentafluoroethane	120	-55
R-133a	Monochlorotrifluoroethane	118.5	43.0
R-134a	Tetrafluoroethane6)	102.03	-15	-142	214	590	0.0290
R-140a	Trichloroethane	133.4	165
R-142b	1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane	100.50	14	-204	279	598	0.0368
R-143a	Trifluoroethane	84	-53.5
R-150a	Dichloroethane	98.9	140
R-152a	Difluoroethane	66.05	-13
R-160	Ethyl Chloride	64.515	12.2	-218
R-170	Ethane	30.070	-127	-278	90	710	0.0830
R-218	Octafluoropropane	188	-36.4
R-290	Propane	44.097	-44	-309.8	206	617	0.0728
RC-318	Octafluorocyclobutane	200.04	22	-43	240	404	0.0258
R-410A	R-32 Difluoromethane (50% weight), R-125 Pentafluoroethane (50% weight)	72.6	-55.4		162	690
R-500	Dichlorodifluoromethane/ Difluoroethane7)	99.31	-28	-254	222	642	0.0323
R-502	Chlorodifluoromethane/ Chloropentafluoroethane	111.63	-50		180	591	0.0286
R-503	Chlorotrifluoromethane/ Trifluoromethane	87.50	-128		67	607	0.0326
R-600	n-Butane	58.12	31.2	-217	306	551	0.0702
R-600a	Isobutane (2-Methyl propane)	58.12	10.8	-229	275	529	0.0725
R-611	Methyl formate	60.05	89	-146	417	870	0.0459
R-702	Hydrogen	2.016	-423	-434.6
R-704	Helium	4.0026	-452
R-717	Ammonia	17.02	-28	-107.9	271	1657	0.0680
R-720	Neon	20.179	-410.9	-415.6
R-728	Nitrogen	28.0134	-320.4	-346
R-729	Air	28.966	-320	-357.2
R-732	Oxygen	31.9988	-297.3	-361.3
R-740	Argon	39.948	-303	-308.5
R-744	Carbon Dioxide	44.01	-109.4	-70	88	1070	0.0342
R-744A	Nitrous Oxide	44.012	-127.3	-131.5
R-764	Sulfur Dioxide	64.06	14.0	-104	316	1143	0.0306
R-1150	Ethylene	28.05	-155	-272	49	742	0.0700
R-1270	Propylene	42.08	-54	-301	197	670	0.0720

¹⁾ Production of R11 or CFC-11 was halted by the clean air act on January 1, 1996

²⁾ Production of R12 or CFC-12 (Freon) was halted by the clean air act on January 1, 1996

3) R22 or HCFC-22 is a single component HCFC refrigerant with low ozone depletion potential. It has long been used in a variety of air-conditioning and refrigeration applications in a variety of markets, including appliance, construction, food processing, and supermarkets

⁴⁾ Production of R113 or CFC-113 was halted by the clean air act on January 1, 1996

⁵⁾ R123 or HCFC-123 is a replacement for R11 in chillers and is providing this new refrigerant to chiller manufacturers for use in new and existing chillers

⁶⁾ Refrigerant R134a or HFC-134a is a commercially available hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant for use as a long-term replacement for R-12 in new equipment and for retrofitting medium temperature CFC-12 systems

⁷⁾ Production of R-500 was halted by the clean air act on January 1, 1996.

Low Pressure, Medium Pressure and High Pressure Refrigerants

Typical low, medium and high pressure refrigerants are listed in the table below:

Refrigerants
Low Pressure	R11	Trichlorofluoromethane
	R13	Chlorotrifluoromethane
	R113	Trichlorotrifluoroethane
	R123	Dichlorotrifluoroethane
Medium Pressure	R114	1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane
High Pressure	R12	Dichlorodifluoromethane
	R22	Chlorodifluoromethane
	R134a	Tetrafluoroethane
	R410A	Difluoromethane/Pentafluoroethane
	R500	Dichlorodifluoromethane/ Difluoroethane
	R502	Chlorodifluoromethane/ Chloropentafluoroethane

CFC, HCFC, HFC and HC Refrigerants

Refrigerants can be classified as CFC's - ChloroFluoroCarbons refrigerants, HCFC's - HydroChloroFluorCarbons refrigerants, HFC's - HydroFluorCarbons refrigerants and HC - HydroCarbon refrigerants.

Refrigerants
CFC ChloroFluoroCarbons	R11	Trichlorofluoromethane
	R12	Dichlorodifluoromethane
	R13	Chlorotrifluoromethane
	R113	Trichlorotrifluoroethane
	R114	1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane
	R500	Dichlorodifluoromethane/ Difluoroethane
	R502	Chlorodifluoromethane/ Chloropentafluoroethane
	R503	Chlorotrifluoromethane/ Trifluoromethane
HCFC HydroChloroFluorCarbons	R22	Chlorodifluoromethane
	R123	Dichlorotrifluoroethane
	R124	Chlorotetrafluoroethane
	R401a	R22(53%)/R152a(13%)/R124(34%)
	R401b	R22(61%)/R152a(11%)/R124(28%)
	R402a	R22(38%)/R125(60%)/R290(2%)
	R403b	R22(56%)/R218(39%)/R290(5%)
	R406a	R22(55%)/R600a(4%)/R142b(41%)
	R408a	R125(7%)/R143a(46%)/R22(47%)
	R409a	R22(60%)/R124(25%)/R142b(15%)
HFC HydroFluorCarbons	R23	Trifluoromethane
	R134a	Tetrafluoroethane
	R404a	R125(44%)/R143a(52%)/R134a(4%)
	R407a	R32(20%)/R125(40%)/R134a(40%)
	R410a	R32(50%)/R125(50%)
	R416a	R134a(59%)/R124(39.5%)/R600(1.5%)
	R507	R125(50%)/R143a(50%)
	R508a	R23(39%)/R116(61%)
HC HydroCarbons	R600	butane
	R600a	iso-butane

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Heavy Duty Milk Chiller 

Storage capsty  ::  320 liter 
Compressor capsty  ::  18000BTU

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